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Objective: To explore the application value of inflow reversal recovery (IFIR) sequence in portal vein imaging after liver transplantation. Methods IFIR sequence imaging and contrast-enhanced MRA (CE-MRA) were performed successively on the upper abdomen in 26 patients after liver transplantation. The portal vein display quality of 2 kinds of images was scored and compared independently by 2 radiologists. The diameter of anastomotic stoma was measured and compared, and the consistency of image quality scores and anastomotic diameters were evaluated between the 2 radiologists. Results Both IFIR sequence and CE-MRA could show the main portal vein and the proximal left and right branches of the portal vein in 26 patients, and the image quality score ≥3 points was 92.31% (24/26) and 96.15% (25/26), respectively. There was no significant difference of image quality score of IFIR sequence and CE-MRA evaluated by 2 radiologists (radiologist 1: Z=-1.077, P=0.282; radiologist 2: Z=-0.629, P=0.529), nor of the measured diameter of anastomosis between IFIR sequence and CE-MRA (radiologist 1: t=0.369, P=0.546; radiologist 2: t=0.020, P=0.889). The consistency of image quality scores and anastomotic diameters evaluated by the 2 radiologists was good. Conclusion IFIR sequence can be used as an effective method to evaluate portal vein after liver transplantation.
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Bacterial resistance is an increasingly serious problem.Therefore,it is necessary to find new antibacterial drugs.Flavonoids are a class of polyphenolic chemicals with low molecular weight,which exhibit many beneficial properties for human health by the interaction of cellular targets,such as the key cell signaling pathways.Flavonoids have been extensively studied as one of the important sources of antimicrobial compounds.At present,antibacterial flavonoids can be divided into two categories.One is the natural,extracted from the plant or microbial secondary metabolites.The other is the product of chemical synthesis,i.e.the derivatives of flavonoids or chalcone.In this paper,the progress of antibacterial flavonoids by natural extraction and chemical synthesis were summarized.
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Bacterial resistance is an increasingly serious problem.Therefore,it is necessary to find new antibacterial drugs.Flavonoids are a class of polyphenolic chemicals with low molecular weight,which exhibit many beneficial properties for human health by the interaction of cellular targets,such as the key cell signaling pathways.Flavonoids have been extensively studied as one of the important sources of antimicrobial compounds.At present,antibacterial flavonoids can be divided into two categories.One is the natural,extracted from the plant or microbial secondary metabolites.The other is the product of chemical synthesis,i.e.the derivatives of flavonoids or chalcone.In this paper,the progress of antibacterial flavonoids by natural extraction and chemical synthesis were summarized.
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Objective:To explore the effect and mechanism of AMPK on apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress in COPD rats.Methods:the rats were divided into three groups:control group,model group,AICAR intervention group,establishment of rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by smoking smoke inhalation and intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide.The HE staining of rat lung tissue pathological observation,immunohistochemical detection of p-AMPK /AMPK,western blot the expression of Caspase-3,ORP 150,and CHOP.Apoptosis were detected by TUNEL method.Results:the HE staining showed that the model group of pulmonary bullae formation,inflammatory cell infiltration,inflammatory ceils in AICAR group was lower than that of model group.Compared with the normal control group,immunohistochemistry and Western blot showed that p-AMPK/AMPK and ORP150 protein expression decreased in the model group,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05),and AICAR in the intervention group p-AMPK/AMPK and ORP150 protein expression were significantly increased compared with the model group,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Endoplasmic reticulum stress related apoptosis The expression of CHOP and caspase-3 apoptosis index increased significantly in the model group,there was significant difference compared with normal group (P＜0.05),while in group AICAR,apoptosis index down significantly compared with the model group.Conclusion:AMPK can protect alveolar epithelial cells from cigarette smoke induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis,it was possible to achieve its protective effect the increase of ORP150.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical value of adriamycin injection via the foramen ovale and around peripheral trigeminal branches under the guidance of X-ray for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia by comparison with the three-dimensional computed tomography (CT).Methods A total of 91 patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia of both sexes,aged 33-76 yr,with the course of disease 6 months-24 yr,with visual analogue scale score of 6-9,were divided into 2 groups using a random number table:X-ray group (n =43) and CT group (n =48).Hartel anterior approach was used to puncture the foramen ovale in 2 groups.One point five percent adriamycin 0.2,0.3 and 0.5 ml were injected via the supraorbital foramen,infraorbital foramen and oval foramen.When pain relief was poor (visual analogue scalc scorc≥ 4) within 1 yr after treatment,oxcarbazepine and adjuncts (tramadol,flupentixol and melitracen tablets,etc.) were taken orally.The requirement for oxcarbazepine and adjuncts was recorded during 1 day-1 week,1 week-1 month,1-3 months,3-6 months and 6 months-1 yr after treatment periods.The operation time,the nuinber of puncture,and developinent and recurrence of complications during treatment and within 1 yr after treatment were recorded.Results Compared with CT group,the number of puncture and incidence of facial hematoma during treatment were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01),and no significant change was found in the operation time,requirement for oxcarbazepine and adjuncts,incidence of dizziness,nausea and vomiting during treatment,or the incidence and recurrence rate of masticatory muscle weakness and facial numbness after treatment in X-ray group (P＞0.05).Conclusion Compared with the three dimensional CT,X-ray provides similar efficacy and safety when used to guide adriamycin injection via the foramen ovale and around peripheral trigeminal branches for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia,showing that X-ray guidance has significant clinical value.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of butorphanol combined with dexmedetomidine on postoperative hyperalgesia induced by remifentanil in patients.Methods One hundred and twenty patients,of ASA physical status Ⅰ or],aged 20-64 yr,weighing 45-88 kg,undergoing elective gynecological laparoscopic surgery,were randomly allocated into 4 groups (n =30 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),butorphanol group (group B),dexmedetomidine group (group D) and dexmedetomidine + butorphanol group (group B+D).In group D,dexmedetomidine 1.0 μg/kg was infused at 10 min before induction of anesthesia,followed by continuous infusion at 0.7 μg·kg 1·h-1 until the end of operation.In group C,the equal volume of normal saline was given instead before skin incision.In group B,butorphanol 20 μg/kg was injected immediately before skin incision.In group B+D,dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg was infused at 10 min before induction of anesthesia,followed by continuous infusion at 0.5 μg· kg-1 · h-1 until the end of operation,and butorphanol 15 μg/kg was injected immediately before skin incision.Anesthesia is induced with iv midazolam 0.05 mg/kg,sufentanyl 0.2-0.3 μg/kg,rocuronium 0.7 mg/kg and propofol 2.0 mg/kg.After tracheal intubation,all the patients are mechanically ventilated,and PETCO2 was maintained at 35-45 mmHg.Anesthesia was maintained with iv infusion of remifentanil 0.3 μg · kg-1 · min 1 and propofol 4-6 mg·kg 1·h-1 and intermittent iv boluses of rocuronium 0.3 mg/kg.BIS value was maintained at 40-60.Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with sufentanil was used after operation,and VAS score was maintained ≤ 3.At 30 and 60 min and 6,12,24 and 48 h after operation,the sufentanil consumption was recorded.The development of bradycardia and hypotension during operation and postoperative nausea and vomiting,dizziness and somnolence was recorded.Results Compared with group C,the sufentanil consumption and incidence of nausea and vomiting were significantly decreased in B,D and B+D groups,the incidence of dizziness and somnolence was increased in group B,and the incidence of bradycardia and hypotension was increased in group D.There was no significant difference in sufentanil consumption between B,D and B+D groups.The incidence of dizziness and somnolence was significantly lower in group B + D than in group B.The incidence of bradycardia,hypotension and somnolence was significantly lower in group B + D than in group D.Conclusion Butorphanol combined with dexmedetomidine provides better efficacy than either alone in reducing postoperative hyperalgesia induced by remifentanil in patients.
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Investigators selected students who had finished physiology course using the second edition of textbook for long-term medical program.A questionnaire about its content organizations as well as overall compiling condition was designed.Investigators collected the feedback information from the 94 available questionnaires.Meanwhile,some contributive suggestions were provided for the compiling of the whole series of long-term medical program textbooks.
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Objective To understand the features of health human resources(HHR) in our country and the current situation of studies of them so as to provide basis for planning and predicting HHR and standardizing their distribution. Methods Computer retrieval was combined with manual retrieval in surveying domestic data banks of relevant medical literature and academic periodicals. Results There has been rapid growth in the number of HHR, with uneven distribution, unbalanced specialty setups, academic degrees on the low side, and irrational proportions of professional and technical posts. In addition, studies of HHR have been mostly descriptive, adopting relatively single perspectives and ignoring research on the mobility and quality of HHR. Conclusion It is imperative to intensify microscopic studies of HHR, tap the potentiality of HHR, doing a good job of HHR distribution and planning, and conduct studies on the interaction between HHR and medical education so as to explore ways and models of replenishing HHR and training innovation-oriented academic leaders.